What Can You Do With an Economics Degree: 25 Rewarding Career Paths for Ultimate Success
Many students and professionals often ask, “What can you do with an economics degree?” The answer is surprisingly broad — and exciting. An economics degree doesn’t confine you to just one career path; instead, it acts as a master key that opens doors across industries such as finance, government, technology, business, and even journalism.
Economics is considered a social science because it studies human behavior, decision-making, and the interaction of individuals and societies in allocating resources. To read this in more detail, click here.
Economics is the science of decision-making. It equips you with analytical skills, quantitative reasoning, and the ability to interpret complex systems — abilities that modern employers prize. Whether you’re passionate about solving social issues, optimizing business strategies, or managing billion-dollar investments, understanding economics gives you the power to influence real-world outcomes.
This comprehensive guide will explore 25 rewarding career paths that answer the big question — what can you do with an economics degree — complete with salaries, stress levels, and growth potential. We’ll also rank these jobs by stress and income, so you can decide which path aligns best with your goals and lifestyle.
1. Economist
Wondering what can you do with an economics degree? Becoming an economist is one of the most classic and impactful paths. An economist studies market trends, analyzes data, and forecasts the movement of economies. Whether they work for the government, central banks, corporations, or think tanks, economists play a vital role in shaping policy and strategy.
They might study inflation rates, labor markets, or global trade shifts, using mathematical models to forecast future economic conditions. Economists can specialize in areas such as environmental economics, health economics, or development economics.
Average Salary: $75,000 – $150,000+
Stress Level: Economists often face tight deadlines for research and report publication. However, work is typically structured, offering mental stimulation without chaos.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
2. Financial Analyst
f you’re asking yourself what can you do with an economics degree, working as a financial analyst offers both challenge and high earning potential. If you love numbers and financial markets, becoming a financial analyst is an ideal choice. These professionals help businesses and investors make informed decisions about stocks, bonds, and other assets. They evaluate performance, track market trends, and assess risks.
Financial analysts often work in investment firms, banks, or corporate finance departments. Certifications such as CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) can boost career prospects significantly.
Average Salary: $65,000 – $120,000
Stress Level: The pressure to predict market movements correctly and deliver results can make this role stressful, especially in volatile markets. Long working hours are common.
🔴 Stress Rating: High Stress
3. Data Analyst
Wondering “what can you do with an economics degree” in the tech-driven world? Data analysis is a natural path. A data analyst interprets vast datasets to extract business insights. For economics graduates, this role is natural since econometrics and statistical reasoning are core components of their studies.
They work in nearly every industry — from healthcare to technology to marketing — analyzing customer trends, performance metrics, and market data. Mastery of tools like Python, SQL, R, and Tableau enhances employability.
Average Salary: $60,000 – $110,000
Stress Level: Usually moderate. The role involves deadlines, but the environment tends to be predictable and intellectually rewarding.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
4. Economic Consultant
For those curious about “what can you do with an economics degree” in consulting, economic consultancy is a top option. Economic consultants apply analytical methods to solve complex business and legal problems. They often provide expert testimony in antitrust cases, mergers, and intellectual property disputes.
They combine data analysis, research, and policy knowledge to evaluate economic impact and business decisions. Consulting firms such as NERA, Analysis Group, and Cornerstone Research frequently hire economics graduates.
Average Salary: $80,000 – $140,000
Stress Level: The job can be highly demanding due to intense research deadlines and client expectations, but it’s mentally stimulating.
🔴 Stress Rating: High Stress
5. Policy Analyst
Many students think, ‘what can you do with an economics degree if I want to make a social impact?’ Policy analysis is a perfect choice. Policy analysts research and evaluate how government decisions affect the economy, public welfare, and industries. They write reports, conduct cost-benefit analyses, and provide recommendations to lawmakers.
Many work for government agencies, international organizations, or NGOs. Those who enjoy combining economics with social impact find this path fulfilling.
Average Salary: $70,000 – $120,000
Stress Level: The work is moderately stressful — political cycles and policy debates can be intense, but the mission-driven nature of the work balances it.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
6. Market Research Analyst
Market research analysts study consumer behavior and help companies position products effectively. They use data, surveys, and statistical tools to analyze buying patterns and trends.
This role is perfect for those interested in marketing, psychology, and business strategy. Economic insight gives analysts an advantage in predicting demand and price sensitivity.
Average Salary: $55,000 – $100,000
Stress Level: Workload increases before major product launches, but it’s generally balanced and creative.
🟢 Stress Rating: Low to Moderate Stress
7. Investment Banker
When people ask what can you do with an economics degree for maximum earning potential, investment banking often tops the list. Bankers help companies raise capital, handle mergers and acquisitions, and provide financial advisory services.
The role offers prestige and high pay but comes at a cost — extremely long hours and constant pressure. It’s best suited for ambitious, competitive personalities.
Average Salary: $90,000 – $200,000+ (including bonuses)
Stress Level: Extremely high. Tight deadlines, deal pressure, and a demanding work culture are the norm.
🔴 Stress Rating: Very High Stress
8. Actuary
Many wonder what can you do with an economics degree in insurance or risk management. Actuarial science is a low-stress, high-demand choice. Actuaries analyze risk and uncertainty, mainly in the insurance and finance sectors. They apply statistical and mathematical models to estimate the likelihood of events like accidents, illnesses, or natural disasters.
This role is highly analytical but stable, with strong job security and low turnover. Obtaining professional credentials such as ASA or FSA (Associate or Fellow of the Society of Actuaries) can elevate your career.
Average Salary: $75,000 – $150,000
Stress Level: Workload is structured and predictable, offering excellent work-life balance.
🟢 Stress Rating: Low Stress
9. Accountant or Auditor
Accountants manage company finances, while auditors ensure compliance and accuracy. Economics graduates often pursue CPA certification to enter this field.
They work across industries, from corporations to public accounting firms. The job provides stability and career growth, especially for those detail-oriented and organized.
Average Salary: $55,000 – $110,000
Stress Level: Moderate to high, particularly during tax season or audit deadlines.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate to High Stress
10. Management Consultant
Those asking what can you do with an economics degree in consulting will find management consulting both challenging and rewarding. Management consultants help companies improve efficiency, cut costs, and solve complex operational challenges. They travel frequently, interact with senior executives, and design performance strategies.
It’s an excellent option if you enjoy variety, teamwork, and problem-solving. Prestigious firms like McKinsey, BCG, and Deloitte value economics degrees for their analytical training.
Average Salary: $80,000 – $180,000
Stress Level: High, due to frequent travel and demanding client expectations.
🔴 Stress Rating: High Stress
11. Business Analyst
Business analysts study processes, identify inefficiencies, and recommend data-driven improvements. Their goal is to align technology and operations with business goals.
Economics graduates fit perfectly here since they understand both data and strategy. This role can lead to positions in project management or product ownership.
Average Salary: $65,000 – $120,000
Stress Level: Moderate, depending on project timelines and stakeholder demands.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
12. Statistician
Statisticians design surveys, analyze data, and create predictive models. They are essential in research, government, and corporate planning.
For economics graduates who love numbers but prefer less corporate politics, this role is ideal. It also transitions well into data science.
Average Salary: $70,000 – $130,000
Stress Level: Generally low; tasks are intellectually engaging without heavy pressure.
🟢 Stress Rating: Low Stress
13. Urban Planner
Urban planners balance economic, environmental, and social considerations when designing cities. They work with governments and developers to create sustainable infrastructure.
An economics background helps in evaluating land use efficiency and development costs.
Average Salary: $60,000 – $110,000
Stress Level: Moderate; project-based deadlines and public scrutiny can add occasional tension.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
14. International Trade Specialist
These professionals advise businesses on global market expansion, tariffs, and trade compliance. They interpret trade agreements and forecast international market trends.
This role suits those with an interest in global economics and diplomacy.
Average Salary: $70,000 – $130,000
Stress Level: Can be intense during negotiations or geopolitical changes but manageable with experience.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate to High Stress
15. Professor or Academic Researcher
For those who enjoy theory, research, and teaching, academia offers a rewarding career. Professors publish papers, mentor students, and influence economic thought.
Most roles require advanced degrees (Ph.D. or at least a master’s).
Average Salary: $80,000 – $160,000
Stress Level: Typically low; occasional stress arises from grant deadlines or tenure reviews.
🟢 Stress Rating: Low Stress
16. Financial Planner
Financial planners help individuals manage wealth, investments, and retirement goals. They combine finance, psychology, and economics to craft customized strategies.
Earning a CFP (Certified Financial Planner) designation boosts credibility.
Average Salary: $60,000 – $120,000
Stress Level: Moderate; client relationships can be demanding, especially during economic downturns.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
17. Risk Analyst
Risk analysts evaluate potential threats to an organization’s finances and propose mitigation strategies. Their work influences investment, lending, and operational policies.
Economics graduates excel here due to their statistical and forecasting training.
Average Salary: $70,000 – $130,000
Stress Level: High when analyzing crises or volatile markets.
🔴 Stress Rating: High Stress
18. Public Policy Researcher
Public policy researchers study how regulations affect communities and economies. Their reports guide governments and nonprofits in decision-making.
It’s ideal for those who want to use economics for public benefit.
Average Salary: $65,000 – $110,000
Stress Level: Moderate; deadlines can be demanding but are offset by the purpose-driven nature of the work.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
19. Entrepreneur
For those considering what can you do with an economics degree beyond traditional roles, entrepreneurship offers limitless possibilities. Entrepreneurs identify opportunities, build businesses, and create jobs. Economics knowledge helps them analyze markets, pricing, and competition effectively.
However, entrepreneurship comes with unpredictability and risk.
Earnings: Highly variable — from loss to multi-million profit
Stress Level: Very high. Running a business involves uncertainty, long hours, and financial pressure.
🔴 Stress Rating: Very High Stress
20. Real Estate Analyst
Real estate analysts evaluate property investments, market demand, and economic trends. They work for developers, banks, or private investors.
Economics graduates bring valuable insights into urban development and interest rate impacts.
Average Salary: $65,000 – $120,000
Stress Level: Moderate, especially during volatile market conditions.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
21. Supply Chain Analyst
Supply chain analysts streamline operations, optimize logistics, and reduce costs across production cycles.
Globalization and technology make this role vital in manufacturing and e-commerce sectors.
Average Salary: $60,000 – $115,000
Stress Level: Moderate; coordination challenges across departments can create temporary stress.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
22. Environmental Economist
Exploring “what can you do with an economics degree” to help the planet? Environmental economics fits. Environmental economists study how economic policies affect ecosystems and sustainability. They quantify the benefits of green initiatives and the costs of pollution.
Their work supports governments, NGOs, and international bodies.
Average Salary: $70,000 – $130,000
Stress Level: Generally low; work tends to be research-focused and mission-driven.
🟢 Stress Rating: Low Stress
23. Health Economist
Curious about “what can you do with an economics degree” in healthcare? Health economics combines finance and public welfare. Health economists evaluate healthcare systems, drug pricing, and policy efficiency. They work with governments, research institutes, or pharmaceutical firms.
It’s an excellent choice for those who want to combine economics with public health.
Average Salary: $75,000 – $140,000
Stress Level: Moderate; balancing ethics, cost, and impact can be challenging but rewarding.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
24. International Development Analyst
These analysts work for organizations like the UN or World Bank to improve economic outcomes in developing regions.
They analyze poverty data, advise on fiscal policy, and assess project outcomes.
Average Salary: $70,000 – $130,000
Stress Level: High, particularly in field assignments or crisis zones.
🔴 Stress Rating: High Stress
25. Journalist or Economic Writer
Economic journalists and writers interpret complex topics — like inflation or financial markets — for general audiences.
Strong writing, communication, and analytical skills are key. Economics graduates thrive in this role because they can decode data and tell compelling stories.
Average Salary: $55,000 – $100,000
Stress Level: Moderate due to deadlines, but the creative satisfaction balances it.
🟡 Stress Rating: Moderate Stress
How to Choose the Right Economics Career for Your Personality
If you’re still wondering what can you do with an economics degree that matches your personality, here’s a quick guide:
- Love numbers and analysis? → Try data analysis, actuarial science, or statistics.
- Enjoy people and persuasion? → Go into consulting, financial planning, or marketing.
- Passionate about impact? → Policy analysis, development, or environmental economics.
- Want stability and balance? → Consider academia, actuarial roles, or government research.
- Crave excitement and challenge? → Investment banking or entrepreneurship might be for you — but prepare for stress.
Ranking by Stress (Descending Order)
| Rank | Career | Stress Level |
| 1 | Investment Banker | 🔴 Very High |
| 2 | Entrepreneur | 🔴 Very High |
| 3 | Management Consultant | 🔴 High |
| 4 | Economic Consultant | 🔴 High |
| 5 | Financial Analyst | 🔴 High |
| 6 | Risk Analyst | 🔴 High |
| 7 | International Development Analyst | 🔴 High |
| 8 | Accountant/Auditor | 🟡 Moderate–High |
| 9 | International Trade Specialist | 🟡 Moderate–High |
| 10 | Policy Analyst | 🟡 Moderate |
| 11 | Financial Planner | 🟡 Moderate |
| 12 | Business Analyst | 🟡 Moderate |
| 13 | Public Policy Researcher | 🟡 Moderate |
| 14 | Real Estate Analyst | 🟡 Moderate |
| 15 | Supply Chain Analyst | 🟡 Moderate |
| 16 | Health Economist | 🟡 Moderate |
| 17 | Data Analyst | 🟡 Moderate |
| 18 | Urban Planner | 🟡 Moderate |
| 19 | Economist | 🟡 Moderate |
| 20 | Market Research Analyst | 🟢 Low–Moderate |
| 21 | Environmental Economist | 🟢 Low |
| 22 | Statistician | 🟢 Low |
| 23 | Actuary | 🟢 Low |
| 24 | Professor/Researcher | 🟢 Low |
| 25 | Journalist/Economic Writer | 🟢 Low |
Ranking by Salary (Descending Order)
| Rank | Career | Average Annual Salary Range |
| 1 | Investment Banker | $90,000 – $200,000+ |
| 2 | Management Consultant | $80,000 – $180,000 |
| 3 | Professor/Researcher | $80,000 – $160,000 |
| 4 | Economist | $75,000 – $150,000+ |
| 5 | Actuary | $75,000 – $150,000 |
| 6 | Health Economist | $75,000 – $140,000 |
| 7 | Economic Consultant | $80,000 – $140,000 |
| 8 | International Development Analyst | $70,000 – $130,000 |
| 9 | International Trade Specialist | $70,000 – $130,000 |
| 10 | Risk Analyst | $70,000 – $130,000 |
| 11 | Environmental Economist | $70,000 – $130,000 |
| 12 | Statistician | $70,000 – $130,000 |
| 13 | Policy Analyst | $70,000 – $120,000 |
| 14 | Financial Analyst | $65,000 – $120,000 |
| 15 | Business Analyst | $65,000 – $120,000 |
| 16 | Real Estate Analyst | $65,000 – $120,000 |
| 17 | Financial Planner | $65,000 – $120,000 |
| 18 | Urban Planner | $60,000 – $110,000 |
| 19 | Public Policy Researcher | $65,000 – $110,000 |
| 20 | Accountant/Auditor | $55,000 – $110,000 |
| 21 | Supply Chain Analyst | $60,000 – $115,000 |
| 22 | Data Analyst | $60,000 – $110,000 |
| 23 | Market Research Analyst | $55,000 – $100,000 |
| 24 | Journalist/Economic Writer | $55,000 – $100,000 |
| 25 | Entrepreneur | Variable (potentially unlimited) |
FAQs About What Can You Do With an Economics Degree
Q1: Is an economics degree worth it?
Yes — it builds analytical, mathematical, and problem-solving skills that are valuable in nearly every industry. Many students discover that what can you do with an economics degree includes high-paying, impactful, and low-stress roles.
Q2: What can you do with an economics degree if you dislike math?
You can pursue careers in writing, policy, consulting, or business operations where qualitative skills matter more.
Q3: Is it stressful to work with an economics degree?
Stress varies by career. Finance and consulting roles are intense; research and academia are more relaxed. This shows the variety of opportunities available when considering what can you do with an economics degree.
Q4: Which economics-related jobs pay the most?
Investment banking, consulting, and senior economist positions are among the highest-paying.
Q5: Do I need a master’s or PhD in economics?
Not always. Many careers require only a bachelor’s degree, though advanced study helps for research or policy work.
Q6: Can I work abroad with an economics degree?
Absolutely. Global organizations like the IMF, World Bank, and UN value economics graduates for their analytical training, demonstrating what can you do with an economics degree on a global scale..
Q7. Which jobs are least stressful?
Roles like academia, actuarial work, and environmental economics show the range of what can you do with an economics degree without high stress.
Conclusion: Your Economics Degree Is the Start of Limitless Potential
So, what can you do with an economics degree? Virtually anything that involves analyzing decisions, solving problems, and understanding human behavior. From finance and government to technology and sustainability, economics graduates are shaping the world’s future.
Your career journey will depend on what excites you most — the thrill of investment deals, the satisfaction of improving communities, or the calm logic of data. Whatever you choose, your economics degree gives you a foundation of insight and influence few others possess. From finance to academia to global development, the possibilities for what can you do with an economics degree are virtually limitless.