What Is a Linking Verb? 10 Effective Steps for Definition, Examples, and Usage
A linking verb is a fundamental component of English grammar that connects the subject of a sentence with information that describes or identifies it. Unlike action verbs, which express what the subject does, linking verbs act more like an equals sign, joining the subject to a subject complement. Understanding linking verbs is essential for constructing clear, effective sentences and avoiding common grammatical errors. In this comprehensive guide, we explain what a linking verb is, explore its main functions, provide examples, and offer practical tips for correct usage.
1. What is a Linking Verbs
A linking verb does not show physical or mental action. Instead, it links the subject to a noun, pronoun, or adjective that renames or describes it. The term “linking verb” comes from its role in linking two parts of a sentence.
Key characteristics of linking verbs:
• They connect rather than act.
• They require a subject complement (predicate adjective or predicate noun).
• They are often forms of “to be” but can include sensory and state verbs.
2. Difference Between Linking Verbs and Action Verbs
Action verbs describe what a subject does (run, write, build). Linking verbs describe the subject’s state or identity (am, seem, become).
Examples:
• Action: “She wrote a letter.” (She performs the action of writing.)
• Linking: “She is tired.” (Tired describes the subject’s state.)
When in doubt, replace the verb with a simple form of “to be.” If the sentence still makes sense, the original verb is likely linking.
3. Common Linking Verbs
The most frequent linking verbs are the eight forms of “to be”: am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been. In addition to these, several verbs can function as linking verbs when they describe a state rather than an action:
• appear
• become
• feel
• grow
• look
• remain
• seem
• smell
• sound
• taste
• turn
Example uses:
• “The soup tastes delicious.” (tastes = linking verb)
• “He remained calm.” (remained = linking verb)
4. Types of Subject Complements
Linking verbs require a subject complement, which can be either a predicate noun (also called predicate nominative) or a predicate adjective.
1. Predicate Nouns
– Rename or identify the subject.
– Example: “My brother is a doctor.” (doctor renames brother)
2. Predicate Adjectives
– Describe the subject’s qualities or state.
– Example: “The sky looks blue.” (blue describes sky)
5. How to Identify a Linking Verb
Follow these simple tests to determine if a verb is linking:
• “Be” Test: Replace the verb with a form of “to be.” If meaning stays intact, it’s likely linking.
• Complement Test: Check if the word after the verb renames or describes the subject. If yes, the verb links.
Examples:
• “She feels happy.” → “She is happy.” (linking)
• “They taste the sauce.” → “They are the sauce.” (nonsensical, so “taste” is action here)
6. Common Mistakes with Linking Verbs
1. Using adverbs instead of adjectives after linking verbs.
– Incorrect: “She feels badly.”
– Correct: “She feels bad.”
2. Confusing linking and action usage of verbs like look, taste, smell, feel, and sound.
– Linking: “The music sounds loud.”
– Action: “She sounded the alarm.”
3. Omitting the required subject complement.
– Incorrect: “He is.” (incomplete)
– Correct: “He is ready.”
7. Why Linking Verbs Matter for Writing and SEO
Clear, grammatically correct writing improves readability and user engagement—both of which are signals search engines use to rank content. Proper use of linking verbs:
• Ensures sentences are structured correctly.
• Avoids confusion over whether the focus is on action or description.
• Makes content more natural and authoritative to readers.
Including a concise explanation of fundamental grammar points like linking verbs can attract educational searches and improve dwell time.
8. Improving Your Writing with Linking Verbs
• Vary sentence structure by alternating linking verbs with action verbs.
• Use strong adjectives and precise nouns after linking verbs to add vivid detail.
• Avoid overusing forms of “to be”; substitute with more dynamic linking verbs (appear, remain).
• Proofread sentences to ensure correct adjective/adverb usage.
9. Examples of Linking Verbs in Sentences
1. “The cake smells sweet.” (smells = linking)
2. “They became friends.” (became = linking)
3. “Her explanation sounds confusing.” (sounds = linking)
4. “This painting remains priceless.” (remains = linking)
5. “He is the winner.” (is = linking)
By studying such examples, writers can internalize patterns and apply them confidently in their own work.
10. Practice Exercises
Identify whether the underlined verb is linking or action. If it’s linking, name the subject complement type.
1. The roses smell _fresh_.
2. He grew _frustrated_.
3. She danced gracefully across the stage.
4. The team became _champions_.
5. They are planning a trip.
Answers:
1. Linking (predicate adjective)
2. Linking (predicate adjective)
3. Action
4. Linking (predicate noun)
5. Action
Conclusion
Linking verbs play a crucial role in English sentence structure by connecting subjects to descriptions or identities. Mastering their use helps writers craft clear, engaging, and grammatically sound prose. Whether you’re a student, content creator, or professional writer, understanding linking verbs will elevate your writing and boost reader comprehension.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is a linking verb?
A linking verb connects the subject of a sentence to a word or phrase that describes or identifies it, rather than showing action.
2. How can I tell if a verb is linking?
Replace the verb with a form of “to be.” If the sentence retains its meaning and links subject to complement, the original verb is linking.
3. What’s the difference between a predicate adjective and a predicate noun?
A predicate adjective describes the subject’s qualities, while a predicate noun renames or identifies the subject.
4. Can some verbs be both linking and action?
Yes. Verbs like look, taste, feel, sound, and smell can function as linking verbs when they describe the subject, or as action verbs when they denote an action.
5. Why should I care about linking verbs?
Correct use of linking verbs ensures grammatical accuracy, improves clarity, and enhances reader engagement, which benefits both user experience and SEO.